Anthrax
causes, symptoms and treatments
Anthrax
is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming
bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax most commonly occurs
in wild and domestic lower vertebrates (cattle, sheep, goats,
camels, antelopes, and other herbivores), but it can also
occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals
or tissue from infected animals.
Anthrax
is most common in agricultural regions where it occurs in
animals. These include South and Central America, Southern
and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and the
Middle East. When anthrax affects humans, it is usually
due to an occupational exposure to infected animals or their
products. Workers who are exposed to dead animals and animal
products from other countries where anthrax is more common
may become infected with B. anthracis (industrial anthrax).
Anthrax in wild livestock has occurred in the United States.
How
Anthrax is transmitted?
Anthrax
infection can occur in three forms: cutaneous (skin), inhalation,
and gastrointestinal. B. anthracis spores can live in the
soil for many years, and humans can become infected with
anthrax by handling products from infected animals or by
inhaling anthrax spores from contaminated animal products.
Anthrax can also be spread by eating undercooked meat from
infected animals. It is rare to find infected animals in
the United States.
Symptoms
of Anthrax:
Symptoms
of disease vary depending on how the disease was contracted,
but symptoms usually occur within 7 days.
Cutaneous:
Most (about 95%) anthrax infections occur when the bacterium
enters a cut or abrasion on the skin. Skin infection begins
as a raised itchy bump that resembles an insect bite but
within 1-2 days develops into a vesicle and then a painless
ulcer, usually 1-3 cm in diameter, with a characteristic
black necrotic (dying) area in the center. Lymph glands
in the adjacent area may swell.
Inhalation:
Initial symptoms may resemble a common cold. After several
days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems
and shock. Inhalation anthrax is usually fatal.
Intestinal:
The intestinal disease form of anthrax may follow the consumption
of contaminated meat and is characterized by an acute inflammation
of the intestinal tract. Initial signs of nausea, loss of
appetite, vomiting, fever are followed by abdominal pain,
vomiting of blood, and severe diarrhea.
Homeopathic
Remedies for Anthrax
The
remedy Anthracinum is prepared from the spleen of infected
sheep, and was introduced into homeopathy by the veterinarian
Lux, a colleague of Hering, as early as 1830. It quickly
proved its worth by preventively and curing the disease
in numerous outbreaks among livestock in the 19th century.
In
the event of known exposure, during the incubation period,
or in a high-risk situation, Anthracinum 30 should be taken
three times in a 12-hour period for 2 weeks, or if need
be until the emergency subsides.
For early flu-like symptoms, typhoid remedies like Bryonia
or Baptisia, while in the more advanced septicemic phase
the remedies include Lachesis, Arsenicum, Crotalus horridus,
Secale, Carbolic. Acid., Mercurius, Sulphur, Silica, and
Arsenicum iod.